Before you read the result
What Proton VPN documents about these signals
Proton VPN's support documentation states each of the points below. Read them first and the IPv6 line in particular stops being ambiguous.
IPv6 is routed, not blocked
Proton VPN says roughly 80 percent of its servers support IPv6 and that it is available on Windows, the Linux app and CLI, Android and the browser extension, while IPv6 is turned off on macOS and iOS to avoid exposing an address. So an IPv6 address in your result is not automatically a leak on Proton: compare it against the IPv4 exit and see whether both point at the same network.
Two kill switches, and one of them persists
Proton VPN documents a standard kill switch plus an advanced or permanent kill switch on Windows and Linux, which only allows internet access while you are connected to Proton VPN, with no exceptions. If a check returns your own address, which of the two you have enabled decides whether traffic was ever allowed out.
DNS answers come from Proton, and NetShield filters them
Proton VPN states that it runs its own DNS servers, and NetShield works at that DNS layer: it checks each domain against lists of ad, tracker and malware hosts and refuses to resolve matches. A DNS check while connected should therefore show Proton answering, and a page that fails to load may have been blocked at the resolver rather than failing to connect.
The exit sits in Proton's own network
Proton announces address space under AS62371, registered to Proton AG, so an ASN lookup on your exit address can name Proton directly - see AS62371 on MyIPScan, or the ranges Proton VPN announces. Proton also uses data-centre partners for regional coverage, so a different network is a prompt to check the server you picked, not proof of a fault.
Which platform you tested from matters
Proton documents its Linux app as carrying an always-on kill switch, port forwarding, NetShield, Secure Core, custom DNS, full IPv6 support and NAT type 2 together, where other platforms expose a smaller set. Two people running the same checks on the same account can therefore get different IPv6 and DNS readings purely because of the operating system they are on.